Observational Epidemiologic Research: Introduction To Observational Research-descriptive, Case Studies, Case Series, Ecological, And Cross-sectional

Document Type

Book Chapter

Publication Date

1-1-2022

Publication Title

Epidemiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse: A Population Health Approach

Abstract

Epidemiologic research studies are conducted to describe the burden of disease in a population, the presence of risk factors, health behaviors, or other characteristics of a population that influence health alterations or disease processes. Epidemiologic studies can determine risk factors associated with disease, causal inferences, and effectiveness of health-related interventions. This chapter differentiates observational research designs and sampling methods and also describes the components of a research proposal, contrasting it with a research report. Epidemiologic research relies on primary and secondary data collection methods: Primary data collection is when the epidemiologist collects the data, such as from medical examinations and direct observations. Secondary data collection is where the data have been collected by others such as medical records, census data, and vital statistics data. Nurse epidemiologists or nurses who engage in epidemiologic research use both primary and secondary data sources to answer the proposed research question.

First Page

117

Last Page

134

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Epidemiology For The Advanced Practice Nurse: A Population Health Approach

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