Document Type
Article
Publication Date
12-26-2024
Publication Title
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Abstract
Immunotherapy, particularly that based on blocking checkpoint proteins in many tumors, including melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), triple-negative breast (TNB cancer), renal cancer, and gastrointestinal and endometrial neoplasms, is a therapeutic alternative to chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapies have the potential to target different pathways leading to the destruction of cancer cells. Although ICIs are an effective treatment strategy for patients with highly immune-infiltrated cancers, the development of different adverse effects including cutaneous adverse effects during and after the treatment with ICIs is common. ICI-associated cutaneous adverse effects include mostly inflammatory and bullous dermatoses, as well as severe cutaneous side reactions such as rash or inflammatory dermatitis encompassing erythema multiforme; lichenoid, eczematous, psoriasiform, and morbilliform lesions; and palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia. The development of immunotherapy-related adverse effects is a consequence of ICIs’ unique molecular action that is mainly mediated by the activation of cytotoxic CD4+/CD8+ T cells. ICI-associated cutaneous disorders are the most prevalent effects induced in response to anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), and anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) agents. Herein, we will elucidate the mechanisms regulating the occurrence of cutaneous adverse effects following treatment with ICIs.
PubMed ID
39795946
Volume
26
Issue
1
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Recommended Citation
Eshaq, Abdulaziz M.; Flanagan, Thomas W.; Ba Abbad, Abdulqader A.; Makarem, Zain Alabden A.; Bokir, Mohammed S.; Alasheq, Ahmed K.; Al Asheikh, Sara A.; Almashhor, Abdullah M.; Binyamani, Faroq; Al-Amoudi, Waleed A.; Bawzir, Abdulaziz S.; Haikel, Youssef; Megahed, Mossad; and Hassan, Mohamed, "Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Cutaneous Adverse Events: Mechanisms of Occurrence" (2024). School of Medicine Faculty Publications. 3394.
https://digitalscholar.lsuhsc.edu/som_facpubs/3394
10.3390/ijms26010088
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